| Customization: | Available |
|---|---|
| CAS No.: | 98-92-0 |
| Formula: | C6h6n2o |
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Product Name: Nicotinamide
CAS No.: 98-92-0
Appearance: White crystalline powder
Specifications: ISO 9001:2015 certified
Description:
Nicotinamide, also known as niacinamide, vitamin B3, or vitamin PP, is a water-soluble vitamin and a member of the B-vitamin family. It is a key component of coenzyme I (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, NAD) and coenzyme II (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, NADP). These coenzymes play a crucial role in reversible hydrogen transfer during biological oxidation, promoting tissue respiration, metabolic processes, and overall cellular metabolism. Nicotinamide is essential for maintaining the integrity of normal tissues, particularly the skin, digestive tract, and nervous system. Deficiency can lead to pellagra, a condition characterized by skin lesions, digestive issues, and neurological disturbances.
Chemical Properties:
Appearance: White needle-like crystals or crystalline powder.
Odor: Odorless or slightly odorous.
Taste: Slightly bitter.
Density: 1.4 g/cm3.
Melting Point: 129-131°C.
Solubility: Soluble in water (1 g/mL), ethanol (1.5 g/mL), and glycerol (10 g/mL); insoluble in ether.
pH of 10% Solution: 6.5-7.5.
Stability: Stable under acidic, alkaline, and high-temperature conditions. Degrades to nicotinic acid when heated in acidic or alkaline solutions.
Toxicity: Oral LD50 in rats is 2.5-3.5 g/kg. ADI (Acceptable Daily Intake) is not specified (ECC, 1990).
Applications:
Medical Use:
Prevention and treatment of pellagra, stomatitis, and glossitis.
Supports protein and sugar metabolism, improving human and animal nutrition.
Food and Feed Additive:
Widely used as a nutritional supplement in food and animal feed.
Global production exceeds 30,000 tons annually. In Japan, 40% is used in pharmaceuticals, 50% in feed additives, and 10% in food additives.
Cosmetic Use:
Whitening Mechanism:
Inhibits melanin transfer to skin cells, preventing skin darkening.
Exhibits anti-glycation properties, reducing skin browning caused by glycation.
Skin Benefits:
Moisturizes, controls oil production, and reduces blackheads.
Enhances collagen synthesis, providing anti-aging and anti-wrinkle effects.
Assists in sun protection by reducing UV-induced immune suppression.
Gentleness:
Generally well-tolerated, though high concentrations (e.g., 10%) may cause irritation. Patch testing is recommended before use. Avoid combining with acidic products like salicylic acid or glycolic acid.
Metabolism and Absorption:
Nicotinamide is absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract when taken orally and more rapidly via intramuscular injection.
Distributed throughout the body, with a half-life (t1/2) of 45 minutes.
Metabolized in the liver, primarily into N-methylnicotinamide, with a small portion excreted unchanged in urine.
Daily urinary N-methylnicotinamide levels below 4 mg indicate nicotinamide deficiency.
Natural Sources:
Found in whole grains, yeast, peanuts, meat, organ meats, dairy products, and green leafy vegetables.
Synthesized in the human body from tryptophan, though inefficiently.
Produced by gut bacteria (e.g., Escherichia coli) as nicotinic acid, which is then converted to nicotinamide.
Packaging & Storage:
Store in a cool, dry place, protected from light and moisture.
Shelf life: 24 months under proper storage conditions.
Note: Nicotinamide is non-toxic and widely used in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and nutritional supplements. Its versatile applications and safety profile make it a valuable ingredient in multiple industries.
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